Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) exhibit promising luminescent properties, rendering them valuable assets in diverse fields such as bioimaging, sensing, and therapeutics. However, the potential toxicological effects of UCNPs necessitate thorough investigation to ensure their safe implementation. This review aims to offer a detailed analysis of th

In this study, we describe a novel strategy for the synthesis and characterization of single-carbon nanotube nanotubes (SWCNTs) modified with iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4|Fe2O3|FeO). The synthesis process involves a two-step approach, first attaching SWCNTs onto a suitable substrate and then introducing Fe3O4 nanoparticles via a hydrothermal met